Galanthamine hydrobromide is a long-acting, centrally active acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (IC50 = 410 nM) and allosteric potentiator at neuronal nicotinic ACh receptors. Galanthamine hydrobromide prevents β-amyloid-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y and bovine chromaffin cells. Long-term administration reduces amyloid precursor protein deposition and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.