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Dexamethasone

CAS No. : 50-02-2

MCE 国际站：Dexamethasone

产品活性：Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) 是一种糖皮质激素受体 (glucocorticoid receptor) 激动剂。Dexamethasone 还显着降低中性粒细胞的 CD11b，CD18 和 CD62L 表达，以及单核细胞的 CD11b 和 CD18 表达。Dexamethasone 有潜力用于 COVID-19 的研究。Dexamethasone 在 LPS 诱导的巨噬细胞炎症反应中，抑制含有炎性 miRNA-155 的外泌体的产生。

研究领域：Immunology/Inflammation  |  Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor  |  Autophagy  |  Anti-infection

作用靶点：Glucocorticoid Receptor  |  SARS-CoV  |  Autophagy  |  Complement System  |  Mitophagy  |  Bacterial  |  Antibiotic

In Vitro: Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) regulates several transcription factors, including activator protein-1, nuclear factor-AT, and nuclear factor-kB, leading to the activation and repression of key genes involved in the inflammatory response.
Dexamethasone potently inhibits granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) release from A549 cells with EC₅₀ of 2.2 nM. Dexamethasone (EC₅₀=36 nM) induces transcription of the β₂-receptor is found to correlate with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) DNA binding and occurred at 10-100 fold higher concentrations than the inhibition of GM-CSF release. Dexamethasone (IC₅₀=0.5 nM) inhibits a 3×κB (NF-κB, IκBα, and I-κBβ), which is associated with inhibition of GM-CSF release.

In Vivo: Dexamethasone can be used in animal modeling to construct models of mitochondrial disorders, muscle atrophy, and nerve damage.

It has previously been reported that treatment with Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) at a dose of 2×5 mg/kg efficiently inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. In our experimental system, treatment with a single dose of Dexamethasone 10 mg/kg (i.p.) significantly decreases recruitment of granulocytes as well as spontaneous production of oxygen radicals compared with animals expose to LPS and injected with solvent alone (saline). The effects are statistically significant when administered both 1 h before and 1 h after inhalation of LPS. The number of granulocytes in BALF decreased to levels comparable to healthy animals (given an aerosol of water).
Rats treated with Dexamethasone consume less food and weighed less than control rats. Treated rats also weigh less than pair-fed animals though their food intake is similar. Five days of Dexamethasone injection result in a significant increase in both the liver mass (+42%) and the liver to body weight ratio (+65%). The wet weight of gastrocnemius muscle decreases 20% after 5 days of treatment, but it remains unaffected relative to body weight (g/100 g body weight), indicating that muscle weight loss paralleled body weight loss.

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