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MCE 国际站:Animal-Free GDF-11/BMP-11 Protein, Human (His)
骨形态发生蛋白 11 (BMP-11; GDF11),又称生长/分化因子 11,是一种多效配体蛋白,属于 TGFβ 家族。GDF-11/BMP-11 信号通过激活素受体 I 型、II 型,导致 SMAD2 和 SMAD3 磷酸化,激发信号。GDF-11/BMP-11 是中枢神经系统 (CNS) 形成和命运的重要调节因子。在老年大脑中,外源性外周传递的 GDF-11/BMP-11 可能增强神经发生和血管生成,并改善神经病理结果。人 GDF-11/BMP-11 蛋白全长 407 个氨基酸 (M1-S407),具有 1 个糖基化片段。重组人 GDF-11/BMP-11 蛋白 (Animal-Free, His) 全长 109 个氨基酸 (N299-S407),由 E. coli 大肠杆菌表达,带有 C 端 His 标签。
Synonyms: Growth/Differentiation Factor-11; GDF-11
Species: Human
Source: E. coli
Biological Activity: 1.Measure by its ability to induce alkaline phosphatase production by ATDC5 cells. The ED50 for this effect is <11 ng/mL.
2.Measure by its ability to induce hemoglobin expression in K562 cells. The ED50 for this effect is <4 ng/mL.
研究背景:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 11 (BMP-11; GDF11), also known as growth/differentiation factor 11, is a ligand protein with pleiotropic, belongs to TGFβ family. BMP-11 signals through activin receptors type II, ACVR2A and ACVR2B, and activin receptors type I, ACVR1B, ACVR1C and TGFBR1 leading to the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3.
BMP-11 is highly similar with growth/differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), and exhibits more potent activator of SMAD2/3 and signals more effectively through the type I activin-like receptor kinase receptors ALK4/5/7 than GDF8. Furthermore, signaling by GDF-11/BMP-11 is controlled by extracellular protein antagonists, including FS, FSTL3, GASP1, and GASP2.
GDF-11/BMP-11 plays pivotal roles during development, including anterior/posterior patterning, formation of the kidney, stomach, spleen and endocrine pancreas. In the embryo, BMP-11 also shows strong expression is seen in the palatal epithelia, including the medial edge epithelial and midline epithelial seam of the palatal shelves. Less pronounced expression is also seen throughout the palatal shelf and tongue mesenchyme.
GDF-11/BMP-11 is lately found expressing in the adult central nervous system (CNS), is an important regulator of CNS formation and fate. In the aged brain, exogenous, peripherally delivered GDF-11/BMP-11 may enhance neurogenesis and angiogenesis, as well as improve neuropathological outcomes. Exogenously increasing circulating GDF-11/BMP-11 concentrations may be a viable approach for improving deleterious aspects of brain aging and neuropathology.
蛋白编号:O95390 (N299-S407)
基因 ID:10220
产品分类:细胞因子和生长因子 | 转化生长因子-β 超家族 | 骨形态发生蛋白 | 骨形态发生蛋白 11 | 无动物成分重组蛋白
Categories:Cytokines and Growth Factors | TGF-beta Superfamily | Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) | BMP-11/GDF-11 | Animal-free Recombinant Proteins
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