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MCE 国际站:GDF-15 Protein, Mouse (Biotinylated, HEK293, Fc)
生长分化因子15 (GDF-15) 是一种多肽激素,属于转化生长因子β (TGF-β) 超家族。GDF-15 又称为非甾体抗炎药物激活基因-1 (NAG-1)、胎盘转化生长因子-β (PTGFB)、前列腺衍生因子 (PDF) 和胎盘骨形态发生蛋白 (PLAB)。GDF-15 与神经胶质细胞源性神经营养因子 (GDNF) 家族受体α样蛋白 (GFRAL) 结合,参与衰老、癌症和代谢过程。GFRAL-GDF15 不影响 SMAD 活性,能够激活包括 RET、AKT、ERK1/2 和 磷脂酶 C (PLCγ) 在内的胞内信号。 重组小鼠 GDF-15 蛋白 (Biotinylated, HEK293, Fc) 全长 115 个氨基酸,由 HEK293 细胞表达,带有 N 端 hFc 标签。
Synonyms: GDF-15; MIC-1; NAG-1; PDF; PLAB; PTGFB; GDF15; MIC1; RG-1; Placental TGF-beta; PTGF-beta; PTGFBPTGF-beta
Species: Mouse
Source: HEK293
Biological Activity: Immobilized Mouse GFRAL,His Tag at 2ug/ml (100μl/Well) on the plate. Dose response curve for Bietinylated Mouse GDF15, hFc Tag with the EC50 < 8 ng/ml dletermined by ELISA.
研究背景:Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a polypeptide hormone belonging to the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily. GDF-15 was highly expressed in placenta, low in prostate and colon, and to some extent in kidney. So GDF-15 is also known as placental transforming growth factor PGF-β, placental bone morphogenetic protein PLAB, and prostatus-derived factor PDF. GDF-15 has a wide range of biological functions in physiology and pathology, especially in aging, cancer, and metabolic processes. GDF-15 is initially stored in the extracellular matrix (ECM), where it undergoes proteolytic hydrolysis upon external stimulation to form an active form that is quickly secreted into circulation. In mouse cardiomyocytes, the cleavage process of GDF-15 may be catalyzed by the enzymes of the PCSK family, resulting in a mature dimer form. Upstream of the GDF15 promoter site, there are binding sites for various transcription factors, including specific protein 1 (Sp1), early growth response protein 1 (Egr-1), p53 and COUP transcription factor 1 (COUP-TF1). The receptor of GDF-15 is alpha-like protein (GFRAL), a receptor of the glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family. The GFRAL-GDF15 complex binds to the tyrosine kinase co-receptor RET, leading to RET phosphorylation. Subsequently, GFRAL-GDF15 continued to activate the intracellular signaling pathways of AKT, ERK1/2, and phospholipase C (PLCγ), but not the SMAD pathway. GDF-15 is overexpressed during and after many pathological states such as tissue injury and inflammation. The stimulating factors that contribute to this result include oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), cytokines, and growth factors such as IL-1β, TNF-α, angiotensin II, macrophage colony-stimulating factor M-CSF, and TGFβ. GDF-15, also known as the NSAIDS drug activator gene NAG-1, may play an anti-inflammatory role by inhibiting macrophage activation. GDF-15 also inhibits the activity of NFκB or the expression of several cytokines, including interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). GDF-15 has significant resistance to endotoxin-induced sepsis caused by acute kidney injury (AKI) and myocardial dysfunction. GDF-15 also appears to promote tumor growth in the later stages of malignancy. Elevated serum GDF15 levels have been reported as potential biomarkers for cancer progression, including breast, colon, pancreatic, and prostate tumors, among others. In human and cynomolgus monkeys, the amino acid sequence similarity of GDF-15 protein was high, and the similarity rate was 91.56%. Compared with the amino acid sequences of mice and rats, the similarity of human GDF-15 was low (59.73% and 59.39%, respectively).
蛋白编号:Q9Z0J7 (S189-A303)
基因 ID:23886
产品分类:细胞因子和生长因子 | 转化生长因子-β 超家族 | 生长分化因子 | 生长分化因子-15 | 细胞因子和生长因子 | 转化生长因子-β 超家族 | 胶质细胞源性神经营养因子家族 | 生长分化因子-15 | 细胞因子和生长因子 | 神经营养因子 | 胶质细胞源性神经营养因子家族 | 生长分化因子-15 | 生物素标记蛋白
Categories:Cytokines and Growth Factors | TGF-beta Superfamily | Growth Differentiation Factor | Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15) | Cytokines and Growth Factors | TGF-beta Superfamily | GDNF family | Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15) | Cytokines and Growth Factors | Neurotrophic Factors | GDNF family | Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15) | Biotinylated Proteins
货号: HY-P77946
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