FG-4592 is an inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase currently in clinical development for the treatment of anemia. FG-4592 stabilizes the activities of HIF, a cytosolic transcription factor, leading to activation of the genes associated with erythropoiesis, including erythropoietin and enzymes involved in iron metabolism. A phase II clinical trial of FG-4592 has been competed in the treatment of chronic kidney disease.